The correction of refractive errors without surgery

Refractive Errors & Refractive Surgery Preferred Practice Pattern®.

Basic knowledge of refractive surgery: correction of refractive errors using modern surgical procedures.

INTRODUCTION Refractive ophthalmic surgery allows refractive errors to be corrected permanently in a safe, effective, and reliable way with few complications. METHODS Selective literature review with special reference to the guidelines of the German Commission for Refractive Surgery. RESULTS With a total of almost 18 million treatments performed to date, laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK)...

Monovision Correction With Refractive Surgery

FACTOR S INFLUENCING MONOVI SI ON’S SUCCE SS Patients’ Expectations The goal of monovision is to increase patients’ functional vision for daily tasks without the aid of glasses. This endpoint, however, does not preclude a person’s ability to use glasses for tasks requiring clear binocular distance vision (ie, night driving) or sharp binocular near vision (ie, prolonged reading). Although some p...

Laser eye surgery for refractive errors.

Several laser and non-laser refractive surgical procedures have been used to modify the shape of the cornea and correct myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Introduction of the excimer laser to reshape the cornea has resulted in remarkable developments in the correction of these refractive errors. Combined with other advanced ophthalmological instruments, laser refractive eye surgery...

Changes in Refractive Errors Related to Spectacle Correction of Hyperopia

BACKGROUND Hyperopic undercorrection is a common clinical practice. However, less is known of its effect on the change in refractive errors and emmetropization throughout the later years of childhood. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of spectacle correction on the change in refractive errors in hyperopic children less than 12 years of age with or without strabismus. DATA EXTRACTION A retro...